Caracterización química por GC-MS de e-líquidos y dispositivos electrónicos para fumar incautados por la Policía Científica de Joinville, SC, y evaluación teórica de los riesgos para la salud humana

Resumen

Resumen

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la composición química de Dispositivos Electrónicos para Fumar (DEF) y e-líquidos incautados por la Policía Científica de Joinville/SC y evaluar teóricamente los riesgos para la salud humana. Se analizaron 170 muestras, siendo 71 DEF y 99 e-líquidos, mediante Cromatografía de Gases acoplada a Espectrometría de Masas (GC-MS). Se identificaron más de 160 compuestos, entre ellos nicotina, glicerina, propilenglicol, ácido benzoico, etil maltol, vainillina y diversos aromatizantes. La presencia de sustancias como acetoína, alcohol bencílico, benzaldehído, mentol y eugenol indica un potencial riesgo toxicológico, especialmente debido a la formación de productos de degradación durante el calentamiento. Se verificaron discrepancias entre la información declarada en las etiquetas y los resultados obtenidos, con la detección de nicotina en productos rotulados como “sin nicotina”. Además, la alta frecuencia de ácido benzoico señala el uso generalizado de sales de nicotina, que aumentan la absorción y el potencial de dependencia. Aunque presentan una menor concentración de compuestos carcinogénicos en comparación con los cigarrillos convencionales, los DEF no están exentos de riesgos, pudiendo causar efectos adversos respiratorios, neurológicos y cardiovasculares. Estos resultados refuerzan la necesidad de una regulación más rigurosa, una fiscalización efectiva y la concientización sobre los riesgos del uso de estos dispositivos.

Palabras clave: dispositivos electrónicos para fumar (DEF); cromatografía de gases; toxicología; nicotina; salud pública.

Palabras clave

Electronic nicotine delivery systems
E-liquids
Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
Toxicology
Public health
Dispositivos electrónicos para fumar
Líquidos electrónicos
Cromatografía de gases–espectrometría de masas
Toxicología
Salud pública
Dispositivos eletrônicos para fumar
E-líquidos
Cromatografia gasosa–espectrometria de massas
Toxicologia
Saúde pública

Citas

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