Covid-19 e o Risco de Morte Súbita de Origem Cardíaca: Evidências Brasileiras de 2011 a 2022

Vitor Rogério Menezes Fassbinder; Priscila  Analu da Silva Previato; Geovana Gabriela Ramos Pereira Leite; Vinicius Vendramini Fogolim; Paulo Luiz Batista Nogueira; Carla Regina Marciniak Ferreira

doi:10.15260/rbc.v13i5.831

COVID-19 and the Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death: Brazilian Evidence from 2011 to 2022

Vol. 13 No. 5 (2024)
107-117
09/04/2024
31/12/2024
10.15260/rbc.v13i5.831

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the epidemiological profile of sudden cardiac death regarding its most prevalent causes in Brazil, considering the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the results and dividing the study into pre-pandemic and COVID-19 pandemic periods, covering the years from 2011 to 2022. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Mortality Information System concerning deaths occurring among individuals over 20 years of age in Brazil between January 2011 and December 2022, whose underlying cause of death was classified under ICD-10 code “Sudden cardiac death”. The following variables were included: date and time of death, age group, sex, marital status, years of education, state and municipality of residence, municipality and place of occurrence, and ICD-10 category of immediate cause of death. A total of 18,211 sudden cardiac deaths were recorded during the 12-year study period, with an increase observed during the COVID-19 pandemic years. Most cases occurred among male individuals aged 60 years or older, married, self-identified as White or mixed race/ethnicity, occurring at home, and with the municipality of occurrence being the same as the municipality of residence in nearly all cases. It was concluded that sudden cardiac death occurs frequently in the home environment, predominantly affecting men between 60 and 70 years of age, and that during the COVID-19 pandemic years there was a substantial increase in occurrence, including cases presenting at earlier ages.

Keywords

Parada Cardíaca

Pandemia

Autópsia

Perfil Epidemiológico

Cardiac Arrest

Pandemic

Autopsy

Epidemiological Profile

Paro Cardíaco

Pandemia

Autopsia

Perfil Epidemiológico

References

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Braggion-Santos MF, Volpe GJ, Pazin-Filho A, Maciel BC, Marin-Neto JA, Schmidt A. Sudden Cardiac Death in Brazil: A Community-Based Autopsy Series (2006-2010). Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia. DOI: 10.5935/abc.20140178 (2014).
Kumar A, Mordehay AD, Jones CR, Shaikh JD, Kaur R, Aljadah M, et al. Sudden cardiac death: epidemiology, pathogenesis and management. Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine 22: 147 (2021). DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm.2021.01.207.
Bohm P, Meyer T, Narayanan K, Schindler M, Weizman O, Beganton F, et al. Sports-related sudden cardiac arrest in young adults. EP Europace. DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac172 (2022).
Chahine M, Fontaine JM, Boutjdir M. Racial Disparities in Ion Channelopathies and Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases Associated With Sudden Cardiac Death. Journal of the American Heart Association 11 (2022). DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.121.023446.
Khera AV, Mason-Suares H, Brockman D, Wang M, VanDenburgh MJ, Senol-Cosar O, et al. Rare Genetic Variants Associated With Sudden Cardiac Death in Adults. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 74: 2623–34 (2019). DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.08.1060.
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Askin L, Tanrıverdi O, Askin HS. O Efeito da Doença de Coronavírus 2019 nas Doenças Cardiovasculares. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 114: 817–22 (2020). DOI: 10.36660/abc.20200273.
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Chugh HS, Sargsyan A, Nakamura K, et al. Sudden cardiac arrest during the COVID-19 pandemic: A two-year prospective evaluation in a North American community. Heart Rhythm 20: 432-438 (2023). DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2023.03.025.
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Sawalha K, Abozenah M, Kadado AJ, et al. Systematic review of COVID-19 related myocarditis: Insights on management and outcome. Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine 23: 223-232 (2020). DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2020.08.028.
Costa IBS da S, Bittar CS, Rizk SI, et al. The Heart and COVID-19: What Cardiologists Need to Know. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 114: 805-16 (2020). DOI: 10.36660/abc.20200279.
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Author(s)

Vitor Rogério Menezes Fassbinder,

Priscila Analu da Silva Previato,

Geovana Gabriela Ramos Pereira Leite,

Vinicius Vendramini Fogolim ,

Paulo Luiz Batista Nogueira,

Carla Regina Marciniak Ferreira,

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[1] Saldanha RF, Bastos RR, Barcellos C. Microdatasus: pacote para download e pré-processamento de microdados do Departamento de Informática do SUS (DATASUS). Cadernos de Saúde Pública 35: e00032419 (2019).

[2] Reis LM, Cordeiro JA, Cury PM. Análise da prevalência de morte súbita e os fatores de riscos associados: estudo em 2.056 pacientes submetidos a necropsia. Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial 42: 299-303 (2006). DOI: 10.5935/abc.20140178.

[3] França GV. Tanatologia. In: França GV, editor. Medicina Legal. 11. ed. Guanabara Koogan; Rio de Janeiro: 433-458 (2017).

[4] Basso C, Aguilera B, Banner J, Cohle S, d’Amati G, de Gouveia RH, et al. Guidelines for autopsy investigation of sudden cardiac death: 2017 update from the Association for European Cardiovascular Pathology. Virchows Archiv 471: 691-705 (2017). DOI: 10.1007/s00428-017-2221-0.

[5] Braggion-Santos MF, Volpe GJ, Pazin-Filho A, Maciel BC, Marin-Neto JA, Schmidt A. Sudden Cardiac Death in Brazil: A Community-Based Autopsy Series (2006-2010). Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia. DOI: 10.5935/abc.20140178 (2014).

[6] Kumar A, Mordehay AD, Jones CR, Shaikh JD, Kaur R, Aljadah M, et al. Sudden cardiac death: epidemiology, pathogenesis and management. Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine 22: 147 (2021). DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm.2021.01.207.

[7] Bohm P, Meyer T, Narayanan K, Schindler M, Weizman O, Beganton F, et al. Sports-related sudden cardiac arrest in young adults. EP Europace. DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac172 (2022).

[8] Chahine M, Fontaine JM, Boutjdir M. Racial Disparities in Ion Channelopathies and Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases Associated With Sudden Cardiac Death. Journal of the American Heart Association 11 (2022). DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.121.023446.

[9] Khera AV, Mason-Suares H, Brockman D, Wang M, VanDenburgh MJ, Senol-Cosar O, et al. Rare Genetic Variants Associated With Sudden Cardiac Death in Adults. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 74: 2623–34 (2019). DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.08.1060.

[10] Bronzatto HA, Silva R da, Stein R. Morte súbita relacionada ao exercício. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 7: 163–9 (2001). DOI: 10.1590/S1517-86922001000500004.

[11] Askin L, Tanrıverdi O, Askin HS. O Efeito da Doença de Coronavírus 2019 nas Doenças Cardiovasculares. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 114: 817–22 (2020). DOI: 10.36660/abc.20200273.

[12] Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (SBC). Infecção pelo Coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19). Nota de esclarecimento (2020).

[13] Fanous Y, Dorian P. The prevention and management of sudden cardiac arrest in athletes. Canadian Medical Association Journal 191: E787-91 (2019). DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.190166.

[14] De Gaspari M, Rizzo S, Thiene G, Basso C. Causes of sudden death. European Heart Journal Supplements 25: B16-20 (2023). DOI: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suad077.

[15] Reinier K, Rusinaru C, Chugh SS. Race, ethnicity, and the risk of sudden death. Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine 29: 120-6 (2019). DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2018.07.001.

[16] Obrova J, Sovova E, Kocianova E, Taborsky M. Sudden cardiac death - a known unknown? Biomedical Papers 65: 782-787 (2021). DOI: 10.5507/bp.2021.065.

[17] Chugh HS, Sargsyan A, Nakamura K, et al. Sudden cardiac arrest during the COVID-19 pandemic: A two-year prospective evaluation in a North American community. Heart Rhythm 20: 432-438 (2023). DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2023.03.025.

[18] Wong CX, Brown A, Lau DH, et al. Epidemiology of Sudden Cardiac Death: Global and Regional Perspectives. Heart, Lung and Circulation 28: 6-14 (2019). DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.08.026.

[19] Hayashi M, Shimizu W, Albert CM. The Spectrum of Epidemiology Underlying Sudden Cardiac Death. Circulation Research 116: 1887-906 (2015). DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.304521.

[20] Sawalha K, Abozenah M, Kadado AJ, et al. Systematic review of COVID-19 related myocarditis: Insights on management and outcome. Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine 23: 223-232 (2020). DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2020.08.028.

[21] Costa IBS da S, Bittar CS, Rizk SI, et al. The Heart and COVID-19: What Cardiologists Need to Know. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 114: 805-16 (2020). DOI: 10.36660/abc.20200279.

[22] Bakhtiar HS, Sofyan AM, Muhadar SS. The essence of autopsy in the criminal investigation process. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research 8: 9-16 (2020).

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