Abstract
The cause of death is not always established immediately after the necropsy. If there is no immediate definition, it is considered as death from an undetermined cause. The elucidation of the cause of death is relevant both in the legal scenario and in the establishment of public policies. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the deaths from undetermined causes at the Legal Medical Institute of Vera Cruz/Bahia, from June/2018 to December/2019, in addition to describing the epidemiological profile, macroscopic necroscopic changes, the required tests and the death scenario. An observational and retrospective study was performed, analyzing sociodemographic characteristics, necroscopic findings, requested exams and suspected violence. Over the course of the study, 314 deaths were investigated, 11.8% of which due to an undetermined cause. In these, age 45,0+18,0 years old was verified, a predominance of men (75.7%), brown skin (51.3%), single (51.3%), with an unknown profession (24.3%), whose death occurred at home (37.9%) or hospital (35.1%). It was found that 35.1% were suspected of having an external cause, due to poisoning (46.2%) or drowning (23.0%); 59.4% accomplished exams, predominantly toxicological (72.7%); 59.4% had lesions, mainly bloody nasal discharge (27.3%); and 45.9% of the bodies were already in putrefaction. This study suggests that the number of deaths from undetermined causes may reflect the high demand for necropsies in individuals who died from probable natural causes and the advanced state of body putrefaction. It is believed that the implementation of the death verification system in this city will contribute to the optimization of this scenario, favoring the reduction of deaths from ill-defined causes.