Perspectivas sobre el Análisis y la Importancia de las Muestras de ADN de Contacto para la Elucidación de Delitos.

Resumen

Las huellas dactilares son vestigios encontrados en escenas del crimen que pueden ser utilizados en análisis forenses para obtener perfiles STR a partir del ADN recuperado de ellas, técnica conocida como ADN de Contacto. Sin embargo, muchos factores pueden afectar la obtención y la calidad de estos perfiles, tales como la porosidad de la superficie en la que el ADN fue depositado, las condiciones ambientales a las que estuvo expuesta la muestra, la capacidad inherente que cada individuo posee para donar más o menos células (estatus shedder), el nivel de degradación del ADN, entre otros. Además, una vez recolectadas, las muestras de ADN de Contacto representan un desafío, ya que el procesamiento de cantidades ínfimas de material genético puede generar una serie de artefactos en los perfiles obtenidos, dificultando la identificación del contribuyente presente en la muestra. Sin embargo, en un país como Brasil, donde los índices de criminalidad son elevados, el número de vestigios de esta naturaleza recolectados ha aumentado, por lo que resulta evidente la necesidad de perfeccionar esta técnica con el fin de generar perfiles más completos y susceptibles de interpretaciones correctas.

Palabras clave

DNA de toque
perfil genético
STR
Identificação Humana
Genética forense
Touch DNA
Genetic Profile
STR
Human Identification
Forensic Genetics
ADN de Contacto
Perfil Genético
STR
Identificación Humana
Genética Forense

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