Perspectivas sobre a análise e importância de amostras de DNA de toque para a elucidação de crimes.

Resumo

Impressões digitais são vestígios encontrados em cenas de crimes que podem ser usados em análises forenses para a obtenção de perfis STR a partir do DNA recuperado das mesmas, técnica conhecida como DNA de Toque. Porém, muitos fatores podem afetar a obtenção e a qualidade desses perfis, como a porosidade da superfície em que o DNA foi depositado, as condições ambientais nas quais a amostra ficou exposta, a capacidade inerente que cada indivíduo possui de doar mais ou menos células (status shedder), o nível de degradação do DNA, entre outros. Além disso, uma vez coletadas, as amostras de DNA de Toque se mostram desafiadoras, na medida em que o processamento de quantidades ínfimas de material genético pode ocasionar uma série de artefatos nos perfis gerados, o que dificulta a identificação do contribuidor ali presente. Em um país como o Brasil, no entanto, em que o índice de criminalidade é alto, vem crescendo o número de vestígios dessa natureza coletados, e, portanto, torna-se evidente a necessidade no aperfeiçoamento dessa técnica com o intuito de gerar perfis mais completos e passíveis de interpretações corretas.

Palavras-chave

DNA de toque
perfil genético
STR
Identificação Humana
Genética forense

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